Barriers to Eliminate Terrorism from Pakistan: A Comprehensive Approach

Abstract

The act of terrorism includes violent actions or threatened violence to intimidate people through fear for achieving political or ideological or religious goals. People conduct terrorism activities to reach their objectives through violence or threats which result in injuries to innocent people and communities. Research uses Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) to evaluate the difficulties Pakistan faces in fighting terrorism by analyzing its central social and economic and institutional and political barriers. The research develops a thorough understanding about Pakistani terrorism elimination barriers through assessments of published literature related to causes and effects of terrorism and countermeasure applications alongside an ISM modeling technique that establishes hierarchical challenge structures. Data was obtained through a questionnaire personally conducted with 23 experts. The literature review reveals three main factors affecting Pakistan's terror problems: poverty and unemployment as socioeconomic elements and political instability and governance problems and institutional issues such as corruption and transparency deficits together with international interference and foreign assistance. The review draws from Elsevier (Science Direct) database to include peer-reviewed empirical studies spanning two decades about Pakistan and similar Nordic and Arab Gulf countries. The research reveals sophisticated relationships between terrorism and social political environments as it moves toward analyzing Pakistan's particular problems. Such a methodological framework gives essential information to policymakers who can now develop better counterterrorism solutions by addressing empty spaces in research findings. The research shows that existing barriers to eliminating terrorism create a network which includes social inequity combined with political turbulence and unfavorable economic situation as well as international involvement. The Barriers and Variables Are Social Inequality, Injustice in Society, Child Labor, Corruption, Institutional Incredibility, Economic, International Interference Conditions, Multilateral Foreign Aid, Weaknesses of Agencies, Political Instability, Political Instability, Political Instability, Geographical Location, Strong Terrorist Networking, Literacy Rate, Unemployed Youth, Law & Order Situation, Extremist Mindset. The reduction of terrorism strongly depends on establishing institutional credibility together with economic growth alongside stable geopolitical relationships. The research develops an organizational structure that provides essential data for stakeholders to develop realizable counterterrorism initiatives across Pakistan. The research reveals that Pakistan faces terrorism issues from barriers related to society, economics, politics and institutional framework and requires credible institutions with economic stability plus robust geopolitical links to eradicate the problem.